一、谓语动词常用复数形式的情况

1.主语是复数的可数名词或代词时，谓语动词常用复数形式。

Fools learn nothing from wise men, but wise men learn much from fools. 愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。

2.集合名词cattle, people, police, folk等充当主语，谓语动词一般常用复数形式。

English people are fond of talking about weather. 英国人喜欢谈论天气。

3.一些成双成套表示衣物或工具的名词(glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors 等)作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。

注意：如果主语由"a kind/pair/sort/type+名词"构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

His glasses have steamed over, and he has to wipe them to see clearly. 他的眼镜蒙上了水汽，他得把它们擦擦才能看清楚。

A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. 近些天来，眼镜的售价很高。

4.both, (a) few, many, several, a couple of等限定词修饰主语时，谓语动词通常要用复数形式。

Several houses were pulled down to make way for the new road.为了给新路让路，几座房屋被拆毁了。

5.两个或两个以上的并列主语由and连接时，如果表示不同的事物或人，那么谓语动词要用复数形式。

Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋带来好运气。

Reading and writing are very important.阅读和写作同样很重要。

二、谓语动词单复数形式视具体情况而定的情况

1.有些集合名词(class, family, army, team, population, enemy, party, crowd, government, club, crew, audience, public等)作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于主语的意义：主语强调整体时视为单数，谓语动词用单数；主语强调集体中的个体成员时视为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。

China?s population is by far the largest of any country. 到目前为止，中国是全世界人口最多的国家。

One third of the population here are farmers. 这里三分之一的人口是农民。

2.单复数同形的名词(means, works, pains, series, species, Chinese, Japanese, fish, deer, sheep等)作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式以主语表达的概念而定。

Such means sound interesting, but in fact they?re impossible. 那样的方法听起来有趣，但实际上是不可能的。

There is an effective means of doing it. 做此事有一种很有效的方法。

3.当名词或代词后面跟有with/along with/together with?/including/but/except/like/among/as well as/in addition to/besides/no less than/rather than等时，其后的谓语动词单复数形式应和前面的名词或代词在单复数上保持一致。

The teacher, with all his students, is going to have a picnic this weekend. 老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊。

Nobody but Mary and Tom knows the secret. 除了Mary和Tom没人知道这个秘密。

4.形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时，如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。

注意：如果其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

The best is yet to come. 好戏还在后头。

In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are doomed to unfortunate. 在许多故事里，好人总是有好报；坏人注定要倒霉。

5.定语从句中，关系代词作主语，该从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保持一致。注意："one of+复数名词+定语从句"结构中，关系代词充当主语，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数；而在"the only/very one/just the one of +复数名词+定语从句"结构中，关系代词充当主语，定语从句的谓语动词要用单数。

He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。

He is one of my friends who are working hard.他是我那些努力工作的朋友中的一个。

He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.他是我唯一努力工作的朋友。

6.在"It +be +被强调部分+that/who+其他部分"结构中，如果被强调部分是主语，that/who后的谓语动词的人称和数要与被强调部分的人称和数保持一致。

It is a long lane that has no turning. 无论怎样长的巷子也有弯。

7."分数/百分数/half/most/enough/part/the rest/lots/plenty/some＋of＋名词/代词"作主语， 谓语动词的单复数形式要和of之后的名词/代词的单复数保持一致。

She talks so much that the rest of us never get a look in. 她说话滔滔不绝, 我们其他人都插不上嘴。

The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which were saved for other purposes.

工厂用了这种原材料的65%，剩余部分节省出来以作他用。

Most of  her time was spent on her studies. 她大部分的时间花费在了学业上。

8.all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，谓语动词单复数形式根据其指代的内容而定。

注意：all指人时,谓语动词用复数形式；all指物时,谓语动词用单数。

All are brave when the enemy flies. 敌人逃窜时，人人都成了勇士。

All that ends well is well. 结果好，就一切都好。

9.such,the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指代的内容来决定谓语动词单复数形式。

Such is our plan.我们的计划就是这样。

Such are the facts.事实就是这些。

10."a(n) number/total/average of, (large) amounts/quantities/masses of+名词/代词"结构作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；"the number/a（n） (large) amount/quantity/mass of+名词/代词"结构作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

A large amount of money is spent on the project. 这个工程耗费了巨额资金。

Large amounts of money are spent on the project.这个工程耗费了巨额资金。

11.The following作主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致。

The following is a paraphrase of what was said. 以下是对所说内容的解释。

12.由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, not...but等连接并列主语时，谓语动词常和就近的作主语的名词的单复数保持一致。

Either he or you are to blame for the accident. 不是他就是你必须为这起事故负责。

Not you but I am responsible for the delay. 不是你而是我应对这次的延误负责。

13.在由there或here引起的倒装句中。谓语动词常和其后靠近的作主语的名词在单复数上保持一致。

Here are my replies to your questions. 这些是我对你的问题的回答。

There are no waves without wind. 无风不起浪。

【现学现用】

1.When fat and salt       (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.

2.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,        (regard) as one of the best all round forms of exercise.

3.The publication of Great Expectations, which       (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.

4.The following       (be) a few ways to promote our happiness.

5.The Italian dinners we had every Sunday when I was a boy were feasts fit for a king. There         (be) loaves of Italian bread ready to be eaten.

【参考答案】

1.are removed 2.is regarded 3.was 4.are 5.were

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